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Acetylcysteine

Grade

Mucolytic

Nebulisation

  • 50 mg as a 2%  Nebulisation solution exposed over 30-60 minutes (diluted with saline) 

Installation

  • 1-2 mls of a 20% solution directly into the trachea.

Therapeutics

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Evidence

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Dog Acetylcysteine | Literature Review

  1. Aldavood, S.J., Behyar, R., Sarchahi, A.A., Rad, M.A., Noroozian, I., Ghamsari, S.M., Sadeghi-Hashjin, G., 2003. Effect of acetylcysteine on experimental corneal wounds in dogs. Ophthalmic Res 35, 319–323. https://doi.org/10.1159/000074070

  2. Baumann, J., Ghosh, S., Szakmany, T., Jancso, G., Ferencz, A., Roth, E., Bogar, L., 2008. Short-term effects of N-acetylcysteine and ischemic preconditioning in a canine model of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Eur Surg Res 41, 226–230. https://doi.org/10.1159/000135707

  3. Brooks, D.E., Ollivier, F.J., 2004. Matrix metalloproteinase inhibition in corneal ulceration. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, Ocular Therapeutics 34, 611–622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2003.12.005

  4. Dear, J.D., 2014. Bacterial Pneumonia in Dogs and Cats. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, Canine and Feline Respiratory Medicine 44, 143–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2013.09.003

  5. Fischer, U.M., Cox, C.S., Allen, S.J., Stewart, R.H., Mehlhorn, U., Laine, G.A., 2003. The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine preserves myocardial function and diminishes oxidative stress after cardioplegic arrest. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 126, 1483–1488. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5223(03)00792-x

  6. Gwaltney-Brant, S.M., Rumbeiha, W.K., 2002. Newer antidotal therapies. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice 32, 323–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0195-5616(01)00008-0

  7. Hendrickson, R.G., 2019. What is the most appropriate dose of N-acetylcysteine after massive acetaminophen overdose? Clinical Toxicology 57, 686–691. https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2019.1579914

  8. Lee, J.A., 2013. Emergency Management and Treatment of the Poisoned Small Animal Patient. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, Emergency Medicine 43, 757–771. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2013.03.010

  9. MacNaughton, S.M., 2003. Acetaminophen toxicosis in a Dalmatian. Can Vet J 44, 142–144.

  10. Mandell, D.C., Holt, E., 2005. Ophthalmic emergencies. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, Emergency Medicine 35, 455–480. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2004.10.009

  11. Martin, R., Litt, M., Marriott, C., 1980. The effect of mucolytic agents on the rheologic and transport properties of canine tracheal mucus. Am Rev Respir Dis 121, 495–500. https://doi.org/10.1164/arrd.1980.121.3.495

  12. Murphy, L.A., Coleman, A.E., 2012. Xylitol Toxicosis in Dogs. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, Common Toxicologic Issues in Small Animals 42, 307–312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2011.12.003

  13. Murphy, L.A., Dunayer, E.K., 2018. Xylitol Toxicosis in Dogs: An Update. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, Common Toxicologic Issues in Small Animals: An Update 48, 985–990. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2018.06.004

  14. Nielsen, L., Shaw, M., Morris, J., 2007. What is your diagnosis? Paracetamol poisoning. J Small Anim Pract 48, 121–124. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5827.2006.00145.x

  15. Ortillés, Á., Leiva, M., Allgoewer, I., Peña, M.T., 2020. Intracanalicular injection of N-acetylcysteine as adjunctive treatment for sialoceles in dogs: 25 cases (2000-2017). J Am Vet Med Assoc 257, 826–832. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.257.8.826

  16. Piperno, E., Mosher, A.H., Berssenbruegge, D.A., Winkler, J.D., Smith, R.B., 1978. Pathophysiology of acetaminophen overdosage toxicity: implications for management. Pediatrics 62, 880–889.

  17. Puschner, B., Wegenast, C., 2012. Mushroom Poisoning Cases in Dogs and Cats: Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatotoxic, Neurotoxic, Gastroenterotoxic, Nephrotoxic, and Muscarinic Mushrooms. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, Common Toxicologic Issues in Small Animals 42, 375–387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2011.12.002

  18. Savides, M.C., Oehme, F.W., 1983. Acetaminophen and its toxicity. J Appl Toxicol 3, 96–111. https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.2550030209

  19. Severin, G.A., 1973. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Vet Clin North Am 3, 407–422. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0091-0279(73)50057-1

  20. St Omer, V.E., Mohammad, F.K., 1984. Effect of antidotal N-acetylcysteine on the pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen in dogs. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 7, 277–281. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2885.1984.tb00912.x

  21. Staudacher, G., Staudacher, M., 1989. [New approaches to the secretolytic therapy of chronic bronchitis in dogs]. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr 102, 95–99.

  22. Tams, T.R., 1984. Management of liver disease in dogs and cats. Mod Vet Pract 65, 107–114.

  23. Tomkiewicz, R.P., App, E.M., Coffiner, M., Fossion, J., Maes, P., King, M., 1994. Mucolytic treatment with N-acetylcysteine L-lysinate metered dose inhaler in dogs: airway epithelial function changes. Eur Respir J 7, 81–87. https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.94.07010081

  24. Tomkiewicz, R.P., App, E.M., De Sanctis, G.T., Coffiner, M., Maes, P., Rubin, B.K., King, M., 1995. A comparison of a new mucolytic N-acetylcysteine l-lysinate with N-acetylcysteine: Airway epithelial function and mucus changes in dog. Pulmonary Pharmacology 8, 259–265. https://doi.org/10.1006/pulp.1995.1035

  25. Villar, D., Buck, W.B., Gonzalez, J.M., 1998. Ibuprofen, aspirin and acetaminophen toxicosis and treatment in dogs and cats. Vet Hum Toxicol 40, 156–162.

  26. Webb, C., Twedt, D., 2008. Oxidative Stress and Liver Disease. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, Oxidative Stress: The Role of Mitochondria, Free Radicals, and Antioxidants 38, 125–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2007.10.001

  27. Webster, C.R.L., Cooper, J., 2009. Therapeutic Use of Cytoprotective Agents in Canine and Feline Hepatobiliary Disease. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, Hepatology 39, 631–652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2009.02.002

  28. Wray, J.D., 2008. Methaemoglobinaemia caused by hydroxycarbamide (hydroxyurea) ingestion in a dog. J Small Anim Pract 49, 211–215. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5827.2007.00449.x

  29. Yanaura, S., Imamura, N., Misawa, M., 1981. Effects of expectorants on the canine tracheal ciliated cells. Jpn J Pharmacol 31, 957–965. https://doi.org/10.1254/jjp.31.957

Expert Opinion

  1. 1317822* |  220719 Extrapolation of pharmacological properties in man and veterinary species. Some material employed in collating the data displayed here was taken from veterinary product datasheets or extrapolated from pharmacology texts.


Last Updated by 1317822* | on 221012


Monograph Details

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